Political
27 January, 2024 5 Minutes Read
More than a century has passed since the vibrant Black business district known as Black Wall Street, located in the Greenwood neighborhood of Tulsa, Oklahoma, was devastated in one of the most horrific incidents of racial violence in American history. Despite the tragic events of 1921, the legacy of Black Wall Street continues to resonate powerfully today. Blackmerch, a brand that offers Black Wall Street clothing, is dedicated to honoring this legacy and the enduring lessons it imparts. This article explores the historical significance of Black Wall Street and its lasting impact on entrepreneurship, community resilience, and the ongoing struggle for racial justice. The Origin Of Greenwood Ottawa W. Gurley was turned down as the Black educator, landowner, and entrepreneur, and he was born into an enslaved African family. He resigned from the position he held at the Grover Cleveland presidential administration in 1889 and moved to Perry to participate in the 1889 Oklahoma Land Grab. He moved to Tulsa with his wife to seize the economic opportunities that started from the city's multiracial population boom. He purchased an undeveloped land of 40 acres and built a grocery store on the dirt road. After that, he made a partnership with John, a fellow Black business and a Baptist Stradford, and with him, he shared a general distrust for the White people. And both of them used their initials and not their first name. They did this as a protest because the men in the South were mostly called by their surnames, and the boys were generally called by their first names. But sometimes, the white men called the black me by their first names to emasculate them. After that, they built many 2-story buildings near their grocery store. He named the street Greenwood Avenue. He named it after the Mississippi town from where most of the residents were. It also became the location for the church and a school afterward. But Gurley Hotel was his crowning project. This high-quality hotel became the rival of some of the finest White hotels. After this, numerous African Americans migrated to Greenwood, and John and O.W. became wealthy and had a net worth of $150,000. The Historical Significance of Black Wall Street Black Wall Street was a symbol of African American prosperity and self-sufficiency in the early 20th century. It was a rare enclave where Black-owned businesses thrived, creating a self-sustaining economy that countered the prevailing narrative of racial inferiority. The Greenwood district was home to luxury shops, restaurants, hotels, and services that catered to the African American community, demonstrating the entrepreneurial spirit and economic potential of Black Americans despite the oppressive segregation laws of the time. The Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921 The Tulsa Race Massacre, which occurred over two days in 1921, saw the Greenwood district being looted, burned, and destroyed by white mobs, leaving hundreds of Black residents dead and thousands homeless. This act of racial violence was not only a catastrophic event for the residents of Greenwood but also a stark reminder of the deep-seated racial prejudices and economic disparities in America. The massacre and its aftermath were largely ignored in historical narratives for decades, contributing to a broader pattern of systemic racism and inequality. The underlying causes of the massacre The Tulsa Race Massacre has various reasons, and Chris M. Messer, a sociologist, explored the causes. Because of the increased job opportunities, a lot of people migrated to the area. Because of that, Tulsa became the city that had the most African-American residents. According to Chris M. Messer, “With a boom in the black population and their demands for equality, perceptions of discrimination and shared experience among African-Americans…allowed for little time for adaptation among whites.” He also added, “Tulsa’s rapid change in racial demographics made the city ripe for a riot motivated by white animosity against black economic progress. Whites of the era equated improvements in wages and working conditions as communistic threats. In essence, whites were resentful that blacks no longer passively accepted second-class citizenship in their own homeland.” Another factor that played an important role in the riot was segregation. The black business was benefiting from their self-sufficiency. This had both some drawbacks and some benefits as well for the entrepreneurs. Messer said, “Through the maintenance of the legal separation of race in sociality, business, education, and residential areas, the structure of segregation encouraged initiative, but also placed parameters by restricting African-American opportunities.” Lessons in Resilience and Entrepreneurship Despite the devastation, the story of Black Wall Street is one of resilience and determination. The survivors of the massacre, though faced with unimaginable loss and trauma, worked to rebuild their community. This resilience is a poignant lesson in the face of adversity and a testament to the enduring spirit of Black entrepreneurship. Today, the legacy of Black Wall Street inspires a new generation of African American entrepreneurs who continue to break barriers and build successful enterprises against odds. Educational and Cultural Impact The history of Black Wall Street is now being taught as an essential part of American history, highlighting the importance of acknowledging past injustices to understand current racial dynamics. This history has also inspired cultural works in literature, film, and art, helping to educate and raise awareness about the achievements of the Black community and the challenges they have faced. Economic Empowerment and Community Development The spirit of Black Wall Street lives on in current efforts to promote economic empowerment and community development within African American communities. Initiatives that support Black-owned businesses, financial literacy, and investment in Black neighborhoods are direct legacies of the entrepreneurial spirit of the Greenwood district. These efforts are crucial in addressing the economic disparities that persist in many African American communities. A Call to Action and Reflection The story of Black Wall Street serves as a call to action to confront and rectify the injustices of the past and present. It challenges individuals, communities, and policymakers to work towards creating a more equitable society where the destruction of Black Wall Street is not repeated. This requires ongoing efforts in education, legislation, and community support to dismantle systemic racism and promote social justice. A century later, the legacy of Black Wall Street endures as a powerful symbol of Black economic resilience, community strength, and the ongoing struggle for racial equality. As Blackmerch offers Black Wall Street apparel, we do so with the intent to honor this legacy, to encourage reflection, education, and action. The lessons of Black Wall Street remind us of the importance of supporting Black-owned businesses, advocating for racial justice, and remembering our history to shape a more equitable future. The story of Greenwood is not just a chapter in African American history; it is an American story, one that continues to inspire and guide us a century later. Read Also: How Much Does Boris Johnson Earn – 2022 Top 5 Smallest Islands In The World Which You Have Never Seen What Is Capability Statement And How To Write Capability Statement – 2022
9 November, 2022 5 Minutes Read
Boris Johson has decided to step down from his role as the leader of the Conservative Party and Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. However, he will be staying in his role until a new candidate is announced. The announcement will be in the late Autumn of 2022. UK Prime Minister Boris Johnson Boris Johnson has been watching his party fall apart in the last couple of weeks. In the last few years, there are more than 50 ministers have resigned from their roles because of Boris’s inability to step down. The Eton-educated politician has enjoyed his three years as the Prime Minister. There are different fellow MPs who have claimed that they will not stand by Boris’s decision regarding the Chris Pincher scandal. He knew about the deputy chief and the allegations, and still, he appointed him to that position. After spreading the news, there is no chance that his party members will support him. Now, he has to find a new job. But what about the last three years as Boris Johnson UK Prime Minister, enjoyed? In this article, we will talk about how much does Boris Johnson earn. You are going to be amazed for sure. But, before coming to the, let’s talk about this person a little bit. Boris Johnson: Early Life His full name is Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson was born on 19 June 1964. Many people don’t know that he was born in Manhattan, New York. His father’s name was Stanley Johnson, and his mother’s name was Charlotte Fawcett. After the birth of Boris, his parents came to their native country England in 1964. In his early life, he experienced fox hunting. His mother mostly raised him, as his father was regularly absent. From a very young age, Boris was studious and quiet. But he was deaf, and after a few surgeries, he could hear like a normal person. Boris’s childhood ambition was to be the “World King.” For being a meritorious student, he received the King’s Scholarship and went to Eton College. Though his mother was a Catholicism, he became an Anglican. Later he went to the University of Oxford to study. He has a degree where his topics are English, Ancient Literature, Classics, and Classical Philosophy. Boris Johnson: Career He has had a long career as a politician since 1987. Here I have divided every part for your better understanding. Boris Johnson net worth is around $2 Million. Let’s find out about his career. The Daily Telegraph And The Times (1987-1994) In 1987 he started as a graduate trainee at The Times. After that, Boris was a writer in his early career at The Daily Telegraph. His main readers were middle-class and middle-aged conservatives. He had a different type of style to writing. Political Columnist (1994-1999) After a couple of years, Boris became a war reporter. There he was able to make his career flourish. In the same year, he told about his wish to be a Member of the European Parliament. In 1999, he appeared in different television shows. The Spectator (1999-2008) In 1999, Boris became the editor of the Spectator. Though there were so many criticisms about him, avoid serious issues. He was able to spread his reputation, no matter as a good or bad editor. He was also famous for making incorrect predictions. Mayor Of London (2008-2016) In early 2007, Boris announced his candidacy to become the Mayor of London. And he became the Mayor in 2008 with 79 percent of the total vote. In his time as the Mayor, he made policies in the sector of black cabs, The Londoner newsletter, congestion charging zone, and pollution. England was set to organize the 2012 Summer Olympics, and Boris Johnson was able to make these proceedings smoothly. And this helps him to become the Mayor of London for the second time. Foreign Secretary (2016-2018) During the leadership of Theresa May, Boris was appointed as the Foreign Secretary. While his tenure as the Foreign Secretary, many experts, and diplomats criticized him for his foreign policies. Prime Minister (2019-2022) After the resignation of Theresa May, Johnson was appointed as the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. After becoming the PM, his first decision was to leave the European Union. How Much Does Boris Johnson Earn? When it comes to the salary of the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom's annual salary is £164,080. This income is split into two titles. The first income is to be The Minister and the second split is to be an MP. These incomes are £79,936 and £84,144, respectively. Before Boris, Theresa May used to get £153,907 as her annual salary. The sum was less than Boris’s salary by £10,000. He also has the right to live in the Downing Street flats, in the heart of London. He and his wife, Carrie Johnson, live there right now. Prime Minister’s Salary: Who Sets That? The Independent Parliamentary Standards Authority (IPSA) has been setting the salaries of Prime Ministers since 2009. The authority is also responsible for setting the salaries of the MPs. the salaries of the MPs increase every year depending on different factors but majorly for the increase of the Senior Civil Service pay bands. In 2020, Boris Johnson announced that there would be no salary increase due to Covid pandemic. In this matter, the House of Commons Information Office says, “Government ministers, the speaker of the house of Commons and Deputy Speakers, as well as the leader of the Opposition and Opposition Chief and Deputy Chief Whips are entitled to a salary in addition to their salaries as Members of parliament.” Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs):- Here are some interesting questions and answers. Q1. When Did Boris Johnson Become Prime Minister? Ans: After completing his second term as the Mayor of London, he was appointed as the Foreign Minister in 2016. He became the Prime Minister in 2019 after the resignation of Theresa May. Q2. Who Is New Uk Prime Minister? Ans: Rishi Sunak was appointed as the new Prime Minister of the United Kingdom on 25 October 2022. Before his tenure, he was the Chancellor of the Exchequer for two years, between 2020 to 2022. Q3. How Many Languages Can Boris Johnson Speak? Ans: Boris Johnson can speak in English only. There are no sources that tell Boris Johnson knows different languages. But, he was good in English literature in his University days. To Sum Up So, I think you have got your answer about how much does Boris John earn. There is no source to know what he is going to do after ending his tenure as the Prime Minister of the United States. I guess this article is helpful and full of information. Please do not forget to leave your valuable feedback in the comment section below. Read Also: Top 7 Oldest Companies In America – Latest Updates! Top 5 Smallest Islands In The World Which You Have Never Seen What Is Capability Statement And How To Write Capability Statement – 2022
